ブックタイトル日本結晶学会誌Vol61No3

概要

日本結晶学会誌Vol61No3

日本結晶学会誌61，163-167（2019）世界の放射光施設を使ってみよう（3）HPCAT: A Static Compression ScienceSector at the Advance Photon Source＊High-pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division,Argonne National Laboratory＊＊Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryChangyong PARK＊, Arun S. BOMMANNAVAR＊, Paul CHOW＊,Richard A. FERRY＊, Rostislav HRUBIAK＊, Curtis KENNEY-BENSON＊,Yue MENG＊, Dmitry POPOV＊, Eric ROD＊, Guoyin SHEN＊,Jesse S. SMITH＊, Maddury S. SOMAYAZULU＊,Nenad VELISAVLJEVIC＊＊and Yuming XIAO＊Static compression is a useful tool to investigate the materialsproperties and phase behavior both under uniaxial stress and hydrostaticpressure. From evaluation of the equation of state（P-V-T relationship）to a discovery of near-room temperature superconductivity, the use ofdiamond anvil cells（DAC）and large-volume presses（LVP）as devices forstatic compression experiments that couple with synchrotron-based X-raydiffraction, spectroscopy, and imaging techniques achieved pioneering,paradigm-defining scientific advancements in multidisciplinary fields forthe past two decades. High-Pressure Collaborative Access Team（HPCAT）is a sector at the Advanced Photon Source dedicated to developing multiplesynchrotron-based X-ray techniques to maximize the utility of DAC andportable-LVP techniques to advance compression science. The beamlinesare optimized to adapt various sample environments under extreme P-Tconditions. HPCAT is comprised of two insertion device beamlines,one for diffraction and the other for spectroscopy, and two bendingmagnet beamlines, one for general purpose and the other for white-beamapplication, respectively. Each beamline’s specification and applicationsare introduced.1．IntroductionHPCAT is a multi-institutional consortium to advancecompression science and technology using synchrotronradiation X-rays at the Advanced Photon Source, ArgonneNational Laboratory. Over the years, HPCAT has beeninstrumental in contributing key developments forfacilitating in-situ high-pressure experimental techniques atthe synchrotron beamlines. 1）Four beamlines are operatedsimultaneously to meet the ever-growing demand：twoundulator beamlines for high-pressure spectroscopy andhigh-performance diffraction including time-resolveddiffraction and on-line laser heating applications; andtwo bending magnet beamlines for general high-pressurediffraction, absorption spectroscopy, and white beamapplications including micro-Laue diffraction and portable日本結晶学会誌第61巻第3号（2019）large-volume press applications（Fig.1）. The undulatorbeamlines have two canted sources and the bending magnetbeamlines separate the beam by implementing a beamsplit mask. 2）An array of diffraction, spectroscopy, andimaging techniques are integrated with extreme pressureand temperature instrumentation, remote control system, onsitehigh-precision laser drilling system, and various othersupport equipment. 3）,4）Numerous scientific studies havebeen enabled in the field of high-pressure physics, chemistry,materials science, and Earth and planetary sciences. Thedetails of each beamline’s specification and applications aredescribedinthefollowingsections.2．16-ID-D：High-pressure X-ray spectroscopybeamlineThe 16-ID-D beamline is dedicated to high-pressure163